INTRODUCTION

In starting this section that I call ANCIENT TURANIANS PART-I, I would like to introduce a concept that has been the cause of my suspicion for a long time regarding the originality and independent development of some languages.  Let me introduce the concept called, "ANAGRAMMATIZING".

ANAGRAMMATIZING

As most of you may know, there is a term in English called "anagrammatize" which comes form the word "anagram" meaning "1 A WORD OR PHRASE FORMED BY TRANSPOSING THE LETTERS OF ANOTHER WORD OR PHRASE.  2 A GAME IN WHICH THE PLAYERS MAKE WORDS BY TRANSPOSING OR ADDING LETTERS." [EBWLD, 1963, Vol. 1, p. 52].  It is my finding that this very innocent sounding game has been used as a technique to manufacture new languages from ancient and recent Turkish words/phrases.  In other words, the ancient Turkish language, which was a widely spoken language over a vast geographic area since very ancient times, has been used as a data base to manufacture other languages. And in this game, most likely, the religious people have been the primary players.   Turkish words and phrases have been broken down, parts transposed, changed, deleted, vowels dropped or replaced with other vowels, some of the consonants changed to other related consonants, even new consonants and vowels added, and the resulting mixture is all concatenated into one word which becomes a word of a new language.  To top it all off, even the pronounciation has been altered.

This thechnique of breaking words and phrases is known by the word "ANAGRAM" which itself appears to be formed from the Turkish phrase "ONU-GIRAM" (GIRMAK/KIRMAK fiilinden) meaning "let me break it" - contrary to given etymologies of "ANAGRAM" in the dictionaries.  After anagrammatizing the original Turkic word or phrase, the meaning of the original Turkic word and/or phrase is mostly maintained, however, in a rather disguised manner.

The ancient Greek name for this is "anagrammatismos" [1] [Websters Collegiate Dictionary, Fifth Edition, 1947, p. 38].  ANAGRAMMATISMOS < "ANA-GRAM-MATI-SMO-S" < Tr. "ANA-GRAM-MATI- iSMI-aS" (ONUGRAMMADI ISMI AS) meaning "Its name is 'One unique breaking it'".  Indeed, the original Turkic phrase has been broken in a unique way and then joined together such that it is not recognizable any more.  Similarly the English word ANAGRAMMATIZE < "ANA-GRAM-MA-TI-ZE" < Tr. "ANU/ANI-'GIRAM-MA-eTI-CE" ("ONU-GIRAMMA-ETICI") meaning "One who makes the breaking". Of course in such a game, the original meaning of the phrase is not always retained directly, For example, if the original word/phrase is, say a noun, the new word may be identified as a verb of the linguistic identity.

In this case, the Turkic phrase "ONU-GIRAM" has been used as the root of the new word which is similar to Turkish "onu-kirma". MA is one of the suffixes of Turkic languages which is a duality word, that is, it is both negative and positive.  Thus when it is used after the stem of the verb, it gives two meanings. For example Turkish OKU is the stem of the verb "OKUmak" meaning "to read". But the term OKU-MA has two meanings: a) "okuma" as a noun means: "reading"; b) "okuma" as a command means: 'do not read". Thus in order to differentiate the real meaning, one has to consider the context in which it is used.  This is one of the most unique aspects of the Turkish language.

MA also means "magnificent" which is an adjective to describe the magnificance of the Sky-God or anything that deserves to be described as "magnificent".  In Turkish OGUZ-KAGAN Destani (epic), Oguz-Kagan uses MA as an adjective to describe the Moon as "magnificent." The moon was the ancient Turanian Moon-God (Ay-Tanri).  Ma/Mah (also meaning "moon" in ancient Turkish) has been used in the middle east at least since the time of the Sumerians. The word is also found in Sumerian as MA/MAH meaning "high, exalted; as verb, to be or make great" [2] [C. J. Gadd, "A Sumerian Reading - Book", Oxford at The Clarendon Press, 1924, p. 187.]

In the process of anagrammatizing, certain letters are used as camouflage letters.   For example, the letter I (ay) is one such letter. It can be the letter I of the text, but it can also represent the Turkish numeral one ("BIR"), that is, I is the symbol representing the Turkish word "bir".  Thus if the original intent was Bir (one), but it is now read as the letter I, the meaning becomes obliterated and unrecognizable.  For example in the Turkish word BORI we have a disguised situation.  In one hand BORI means "wolf" (Tr. KURT) - a national logo of Turkic peoples.  However, the hidden form of the word BORI is "BIR-O" which is a name of the ancient Turanian sky-God (Gök-Tanri).  Of course Gök-Tengri is also the national god of all ancient and present Turanians.  So BORI is also a logo for the One-Sky-God "BIR-O".   By the way, the reverse of the Turkish word KURT is  TRUK < > TURUK < > TURK.

The letters Y and V were the letter U in their original form.  The Turkish sound "sh" was mostly anagrammatized as "S".   The W (uu) and X (ks and kh) were also disguising letters.  Please take a look in Encyclopaedia Britannica , 1963, Vol. 1, under the entry of "ALPHABET".   Additionally, many suffixes of the Turkish language were anagrammatized into different forms.  For example the suffix LOGY assumed to be from Greek is actually derived from the ancient Turkish "OLGU" meaning "created".  The Turkish phrase "KAN-HAN-IDILER" (KUN-HAN-IDILER) meaning "they were the Sun-Lords"  becomes "CAN-AAN-ITES".   Thus, Turkic suffix "IDIS/IDIZ/IDILER"  becomes the suffix "ITES" in some languages. And again the Turkic past tense verbal suffix, "dI, di, du, dü and idi" meaning "was" becomes suffix "ed" as in English.

Thus anagrammatizing ancient Turkic languages into new ones must have been a big activity in the past as Akkadians anagrammatized the Turanic Sumerian language into so-called "Akkadian".  Similarly the ancient Greeks anagrammatized ancient Turkish (i.e., Pelasgian, Saka, Trojan, Ionians [Ay-Hans] ) into the language presently called "Greek".

Since Turkic languages are agglutinative, the technique of anagrammatizing was known and was being used by the Turanians themselves in generating new terms used to express titles for deified kings, major reference points such as mountains, rivers, seas, new concepts and various important situations in their language.  For example when they joined two words together and two vowels ended up side by side, they would either drop one or insert a connecting consonant.  However, the non-Turanians took the technique and  generated new languages for themselves. Probably it was the Akkadians who first started this to create a so-called Semitic "Akkadian" language from the Turanian Sumerian. In the first millennium B.C. and also A.D., the ancient Greeks, Latins and Hebrews must have been quite busy in anagramatizing Turkish for their own purposes.

It is interesting to note that even the term "millennium" is an anagrammatized Turkish phrase:  MILLENNIUM < M-ILLE-N-NI-UM < Tr. "MIN-ILLI-AN'UM" (bin-yilli-an'um) meaning "I am a time of one thousand years" which is exactly what the term "MILLENNIUM" means.   Such correspondences cannot be explained by coincidence. The Turkish words are as follows: MIN (One thousand); ILLE/ILLI/YILLI meaning  "with years"; AN meaning "a short period of time; and UM the verbal suffix for first person singular.

When scholars try to find correspondences between Turkish words and words of other languages, they are generally looking for a one-to-one correspondence.  This generally gives unsatisfactory results,  Yet if they compared foreign words with Turkish phrases as being the possible source, they would be far more successful. However, knowing Turkish alone is not sufficient.  The researcher should also have familiarity with Turkic cultures as well.

After five years of research, it is my finding that the so called Indo-European and Semitic languages have been manufactured from Turkish.  I am aware that what I say has very far reaching consequences for the linguists to investigate.  Please bear with me.

All of us have been taught, erroneously and intentionally, that Turks came to the stage of history only during the last 2000 years.  This is not the truth. Such a claim has been perpetrated so that modern Turks completely forget their ancient TUR ancestry.  Written material emphasizes this aspect in order to obliterate the presence of Turs/Turks in ancient times.  The culture and civilizations of ancient Turs have already been divided among peoples that had no relations with the creations of those cultures.   Now they claim them as their own. The reason for this is that ancient Turanians gave the world most of the civilization that we use at present.  Contrary to the established false beliefs, the Turkish speaking Turanians have been all over the world since very ancient times.  This glorious past of ancient Turkic speaking Turanians has indeed been the cause for envy of many groups. For that reason the ancient and present Turanians have been the subject of verbal and in many cases physical abuse.  It can be said that most extinct languages are the Turanian languages spoken by ancient Turanians in various parts of the world.  For instance Sumerian, so-called "Egyptian" (originally "Masar" not "Egypt"), the so-called Phoenicians whose names were Turkic "Kün-Hans (Kan-Hans), and many more.  Most of them will be discussed in time.

CONFUSING THE TURANIAN LANGUAGES

In the vast world of ancient Turanian geography, each Turanian group developed cultures which were essentially the same, but different only in some details. This whole Turanian world spoke one language and one speech as reported in Genesis 11:1. Although the identity of that "one language" the world spoke was left blank, it is clear in many ways that that language was the "Turkish language" that all the so-called ancient "pagans" spoke.  This ancient Tur language probably had many dialects.  Evidently this unique and all encompassing superior culture was not well taken by some envious non-Turanians who decided to confuse this unique 'one language'. This idea was put into the holy books as if it was an order by God himself so that it could be religiously fullfilled. In the Old Testament Genesis 11:1-9, the following is stated: [3] ["New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures" rendered from the Original Languages by the New World Bible Translation Committee, 1984.]

"1 NOW ALL THE EARTH CONTINUED TO BE OF ONE LANGUAGE AND OF ONE SPEECH.  2 AND IT CAME ABOUT THAT IN THEIR JOURNEYING EASTWARD THEY EVENTUALLY DISCOVERED A VALLEY PLAIN IN THE LAND OF SHINAR, AND THEY TOOK UPDWELLING THERE. 3 THEY BEGAN TO SAY, EACH ONE TO THE OTHER: "COME ON! LET US MAKE BRICKS AND BAKE THEM WITH A BURNING PROCESS."  SO BRICK SERVED AS STONE FOR THEM.  4 THEY NOW SAID "COME ON!  LET US BUILD OURSELVES A CITY AND ALSO A TOWER WITH ITS TOP IN THE HEAVENS, AND LET US MAKE A CELEBRATED NAME FOR OURSELVES, FOR FEAR WE MAY BE SCATTERED OVER ALL THE SURFACE OF THE EARTH.

5 AND JEHOVAH PROCEEDED DOWN TO SEE THE CITY AND THE TOWER THAT THE SONS OF MEN HAD BUILT.   6 AFTER THAT JEHOVAH SAID: "LOOK! THEY ARE ONE PEOPLE AND THERE IS ONE LANGUAGE FOR THEM ALL, AND THIS IS WHAT THEY START TO DO.  WHY, NOW THERE IS NOTHING THAT THEY MAY HAVE IN MIND TO DO THAT WILL BE UNATTAINABLE FOR THEM.  7 COME NOW! LET US GO DOWN AND THERE CONFUSE THEIR LANGUAGE THAT THEY MAY NOT LISTEN TO ONE ANOTHER'S LANGUAGE.  8 ACCORDINGLY JEHOVAH SCATTERED THEM FROM THERE OVER ALL THE SURFACE OF THE EARTH, AND THEY GRADUALLY LEFT OFF BUILDING THE CITY.  9 THAT IS WHY ITS NAME WAS CALLED BABEL, BECAUSE THERE JEHOVAH HAD CONFUSED THE LANGUAGE OF ALL THE EARTH, AND JEHOVAH HAD SCATTERED THEM FROM THERE OVER ALL THE SURFACE OF THE EARTH."

One meaning of this statement is that the people who wanted to confuse this "one language of the world" evidently did not have a language of their own. Otherwise they would not want to confuse that "one language of the world".  Additionally, those who wanted to confuse this one-language of the world were also speaking the same language.  If they spoke another different language, then there would be more than one-language being spoken in the world.  That one-language that the world spoke was the Turanian Turkic languages, that is, at least the language of Sumerians. The purpose of this rather extremely ill meaning suggestion to confuse the existing one-language of the world was to destroy not only the language but also the people who spoke it and used it in creating the most magnificent civilization of the ancient world.  Of course the confusers not only confused that one-language but also obliterated, in time, most of the people who spoke that language. In the meantime, the confusers adopted and took all the civilization created by the Turanian peoples and declared it to the world as their own.

Additionally, no God speaks to any mortal and gives instructions to confuse a language that men use continuously in their daily life. Gods are not supposed to do this sort of thing.

On the other hand, it appears that this religious justification was the main reason for confusing and eliminating the ancient Turanian languages during at least the last 2,500 years or even earlier.  It is most likely that the so-called religious peoples and their messengers were given the task of fulfilling this confusion process over a long period of time.  This confusion of the ancient Turkic languages was done by way of "anagrammatizing" the Turkic languages to generate new languages.  This resulted in many languages - such as the so-called Indo-European and Semitic languages and others.  In this "cut, alter and paste" method, the ancient Turkish language of the world was used as the source data base.  This ancient game started much earlier than the time of arrival of the Seljuks and Ottomans in the Middle East.  The same technique has also been used by the ancient Greeks and Latins to create the so-called "Greek" and "Latin" languages from which supposedly other Indo-European languages sprang.

I claim that the ancient native peoples of Europe spoke Turkic throughout the continent.  The making of Indo-European languages in Europe was probably accelerated after Christianity was established. By the time they finished, not many ancient Turkic speaking Turanian peoples were left un-altered in identity, language and religion. So what happened to these ancient Turanian peoples and their languages in Europe?  It seems that when the Indo-Europeans took control of the lands throughout Europe from the Turanians, the ancient Turanians were all assimilated and their languages were used as a resource to create new "Indo-European" languages.  The assimilated Turanians lost their ancient TUR language and TUR identity. Those who resisted were eliminated by force.

TURANIAN

The term 'Turanian' may not be a clear one for the reader.  One of the definitions by the Encyclopaedia Britannica World Languages Dictionary (EBWLD) under the entry TURANIAN gives the following: [4] [EBWLD, 1963, Vol. 2, p. 1353.]

"TURANIAN. OF OR PERTAINING TO A LARGE FAMILY OF AGGLUTINATIVE LANGUAGES OF EUROPE AND NORTHERN ASIA, NEITHER INDO-EUROPEAN NOR SEMITIC, SPECIFICALLY KNOWN AS THE URAL-ALTAIC LANGUAGES, OR ANY OF THE PEOPLE WHO SPEAK THEM. AS NOUN. 1 ONE WHOSE MOTHER TONGUE IS A URAL-ALTAIC LANGUAGE; A PERSON OF URAL-ALTAIC STOCK.  2 THE URAL-ALTAIC LANGUAGES COLLECTIVELY. 3 THEORETICALLY, ONE OF AN UNKNOWN NOMADIC PEOPLE WHO ANTEDATED THE ARYANS IN EUROPE AND ASIA.  [< PERSIAN TURAN, A COUNTRY NORTH OF THE OXUS RIVER]."

In this definition, the reference is made particularly to Central Asia (Turan) which was the homelands of ancient Turs/Turks; this is an already accepted fact.  Hence people from Turan are called the Turanians. In this definition it must also be noted that Turanians are Turkish/Turkic speaking peoples and have been so for a very long time. Although the term Turan refers to rather a limited area in Asia, it is actually much larger than that.  Turanians have migrated all over the world in ancient times. In the above given definition we note the statement saying that: "THEORETICALLY, ONE OF AN UNKNOWN NOMADIC PEOPLE WHO ANTEDATED THE ARYANS IN EUROPE AND ASIA.  [< PERSIAN TURAN, A COUNTRY NORTH OF THE OXUS RIVER]."

This last statement highlights, in a diluted fashion by using the term "theoretically", a most important fact - that the Turanians existed in Asia and Europe before the so-called "ARYANS" (Europeans) came - and one of those Turanians were the Saka Turs/Turks.  Indeed starting probably some 20,000 years ago towards the end of the last Ice Age, the Turanians must have started their migrations from their homelands in Asia to the rest of the world.  The Native peoples of the Americas are examples of these early migrating Turanians. The migrations most likely happened in many waves.  Turanians spread to the rest of the Asian continent at the east, west, north and south since very ancient times. Additionally they went to Europe and Northern Africa.  The ancient so-called "Mesopotamian" world and the rest of the Middle East were the most prominent cultural centers of ancient Turanians in addition to Central Asia.  They went to the sub continent of India since very early times and blended there with the native peoples.  Similarly the Central Asians went to China and established themselves there and then blended with the native peoples. It was probably because of this boundless tolerance for others that most of the ancient Turanians became extinct peoples by being totally assimilated and/or annihilated by other groups.

Additionally, the term "nomad" applied to Turanians is disinformation and intended as a putdown rather than expressing the facts.  On the face of it, it means "one of an unsettled, wandering people, tribe, or race" implying that such peoples had no land of their own.  This is far from the truth regarding Turs/Turks in spite of the fact that, with their horse riding culture, they were a very mobile people.  However that does not mean that they were landless and wandering people. They not only had vast lands in Asia, Europe and Africa, but they also invented living in the enclosed quarters.  The fact is that it was the ancient Turs/Turks who gave the world the concept of living in such an environment.  The so-called "civil" meaning "living in houses" is a term that has been anagrammatized from the Turkic word "IVCIL / EVCIL" meaning "tamed; living in house". This we will discuss in detail later.  So the term "NOMAD" as applied to Turs/Turks is a misnomer used against the Turs/Turks by those who themselves were indeed landless roaming peoples.  But turning the tables around is a very clever trick used against the Turs/Turks.

SUMERIANS

The name Sumer is an Akkadian name for the TUR people who called themselves "KI-EN-GI(R)".

In his book entitled "A Manual of Sumerian Grammar and Texts", John L. Hayes [5] [John L. Hayes, "A Manual of Sumerian Grammar and Texts", Undena Publications, Malibu, 1990, p. 48.]  notes the following:

"KI-EN-GI THIS GEOGRAPHICAL NAME (GN) IS ALWAYS WRITTEN SYLLABICALLY.  THE ETYMOLOGY IS UNSURE; THIS IS DISCUSSED BELOW. THE WORD ENDED IN A /R/, NOT REFLECTED IN THE SCRIPT.  THE AKKADIAN EQUIVALENT OF KIENGI WAS SHUMERU.  THIS AKKADIAN WORD MAY BE A DIALECTAL PRONOUNCIATION OF THE WORD KIENGI(R). THE ENGLISH WORD "SUMER" IS USUALLY THOUGHT TO DERIVE FROM THE AKKADIAN FORM.

THE FIRST APPEARANCE OF KI-EN-GI IS IN AN INSCRIPTION OF ENSHAKUSHANNA OF URUK (WHO RULED APPROXIAMATELY 2432-2403 BC) WHO REFERS TO HIMSELF AS:  EN-KI-EN-GI  LUGAL-KALAM-MA, "THE LORD OF SUMER, THE KING OF THE LAND".

 The Turkic names such as KYRGYZ (KIRGIZ / KORGUZ and also KIEN-KUN) [6] ["Türk Dünyasi El Kitabi" by Türk Kültürünü Arastirma Enstitüsü, Ankara, 1992, Vol.1, p. 150], and UIGUR (House of KOR), HUNGAR (KUN-KOR) (Sun-Fire) and in BULGAR (aBa-ULu-GOR) and in KORE / KOREA (KOR ÖY) (House of Fire), etc.. referring to their ancient Turanian religion of SUN-GOD (KÜN-TENGRI) worshipping.   The name KI-EN-GI(R), (Akkadian SHUMERU < Tr. "ISHA-MA-ER-U" meaning "He is magnificent Man of Light") indicates that the KI-EN-GIR were the Sun-worshipping people - just like all the other Turs/Turks.  The KI-EN-GI(R) people (Sumerians) called the Sun-God by the name UTU which in Turkish is "UT-O" or "OD-O" or "OT-O" meaning "It is Fire".  And indeed the Sun is fire. One wonders why the /R/ in the name  KI-EN-GIR was dropped? Could it be that some of the readers of the original Sumerians texts wanted to hide away the Turkishness of the name "KI-EN-GI(R) / KENGIR" that the ancient Sumerians called themselves?  Could it be that many of the ancient Sumerian texts are not transcribed correctly so that their Turkicness is not recognized?  Could it be that we have all been taken for a ride?  John Hayes has pointed out some of such misreadings in his book.

John Hayes also notes [page 48] the name KI-EN-GI being in the inscription of ENSHAKUSHANNA OF URUK and referring to himself as: EN-KI-EN-GI LUGAL-KALAM-MA.   The name ENSHAKUSHANNA is a title made up with syllabic Turkic words.  It appears to be the concatenation of Turkic words in phrase in syllabic form: "EN-ISHA-AKUS-HAN'NA/NI", that is, (Gök-Ishi-Okus/Oguz-Han'ni) meaning "The followers of Oguz-Han the Light of Sky) indicating that king ENSHAKUSHANNA and his people of KI-EN-GI(R) were Akus/Ogus/Oguz worshipping people.  Five years of research has revealed that OGUZ-KHAN was the name of the ancient Turanian trinity Sky-God (Tan-Tengri/Kün-Tengri/Ay-Tengri) and the name Oguz represented the Sun and hence the Sun-God of the ancient Turanians.  It is most important here to recognize Turkish Prof. Dr. Bahaeddin Ögel who has given us a treasure-chest full of information in his book entitled "Türk Mitolojisi" (Turkish Mythology) [6b] [Prof. Dr. Bahaeddin Öge, "Türk Mitolojisi", Vols. 1 & 2, Devlet Kitaplari, Milli Egitim Basimevi, Istanbul, 1971].  In his book Prof. Ögel likens Oguz Kagan to God (Tanri) himself.  So we find the name AKUS/OGUS-HAN embedded in the name of the Sumerian King ENSHAKUSHANNA.  This is most enlightening.  It must be noted that the time is 2432-2403 BC. when the name of AKUS/OGUZ-HAN is being used.  Thus the Sumerian King titled ENSHAKUSHANNA and his people were Sun-God (OGUZ-KAGAN) followers.

It must be noted that all ancient Turanian king titles are transcribed by scholars as long concatenated words rather than being spelled out in syllabic form.  When the ancient Tur/Turk names and titles are spelled in totally joined form, which itself is a form of anagrammatizing, their Turkic identity is lost.  Thus it becomes clear that we are face to face with a very subtle game of distorting ancient Turanic titles. If EN-KI-EN-GI LUGAL-KALAM-MA can be spelled out in syllabic form, other Sumerian king titles could also be spelled out in syllabic form which would make their identification quite easy.   For example, let us take a look at the title EN-KI-EN-GI(R) LUGAL-KALAM-MA.  The title appears to be in three parts:

First part is: EN-KI-EN-GI(R); in Turkic form: HEN / HAN KIENGI(R)/KENGIR meaning "The Khan of KIENGI(R)/KENGIR" (Khan of the Sumerians);

Second part is: LUGAL meaning "KING"; in Turkic form:  LUGAL from Turkic "uLU-aGa-AL" meaning "Great Lord AL (SUN)" referring to the "RED-SUN" of sky as the KING.  It must be noted that even the modern term "KING" is from the Turkish phrase "KIN-aGa" (Kün-Aga) meaning "LORD-SUN". The Sun (Kin / Kün / Gün in Turkish) is indeed the King of the Sky.  When it shines everything else in the sky disappears from sight.

Third part is: KALAM-MA; in Turkic form: "aKa-ALAM-MA" (Aka/Aga Alem Ma) meaning "The Magnificent Lord of Universe".

Thus the title EN-KI-EN-GI(R) LUGAL-KALAM-MA deifies this Sumerian king so that he refers to himself not only as "HAN KIENGI(R)/KENGIR "the Khan of the Land of Sumer", but also the "ULU-AGA-AL" the Sun (Sun-God) and "AKA-ALAM-MA" the Father God of the universe".  This type of deifiying ancient Tur/Turk rulers (Kings) was the tradition (TORA / TÖRE) in the ancient Turanian world.  Thus the title of the king is:  "KING OF KENGIR, SUN-GOD AND THE LORD OF THE UNIVERSE". The ancient Tur/Turk MASARIAN (so-called EGYPTIAN) king names are clear examples of such transcriptions alienated from Turkic. One such example being King AKHENATEN - the ancient Masarian ruler (Pharoah). The Turkic form of the title AKHENATEN is a) AK-HAN-ATA-AN meaning White-Lord-Father-of-Sky referring to the Sun God (Sun); and b) AK-HAN-OT-AN meaning White-Lord-Fire-of-Sky referring again to the Sun. The scholars have claimed wrongly that he was the first Masarian king to claim the Sun as the main deity - which he was not. The Tur/Turk Masarian (so-called Egyptian) Kings were always Sun-worshipping people - just like their ancient KI-EN-GIR (Sumerian) kins. Many scholars already point out that the Sumerians and Masarians were very similar to one another.

Additionally the Sumerian (Ki-en-gi(r)) city name URUK is very much the same as the Turkic URUK / ÖRÜK (örük/örülmüs) meaning "interwoven, built up" as in the case of a city.  Uruk was one of the main Sumerian cities.  The name is derived from the Turkish verb "örmek", hence, örü, örük, ör/ur, uru, uruk, etc..

In view of all these Sumerian and Turkish linguistic correspondences in the given Sumerian titles and names, if Sumerian and Turkish are not regarded as the same language by scholars, then they are looking for something that is not there.

DRAVIDIAN

Some scholars bring forth the similarities between the DRAVIDIAN and Sumerian languages.  Encyclopaedia Britannica World Languages Dictionary [1963, Vol.1, p. 384] defines DRAVIDIAN as follows:

"ONE BELONGING TO THE MOST ANCIENT INDIGENOUS RACE OF SOUTHERN INDIA.  A NON-INDO-EUROPEAN FAMILY OF AGGLUTINATIVE LANGUAGES SPOKEN PRIMARILY IN SOUTHERN INDIA AND NORTHERN CEYLON, INCLUDING TAMIL, MALAYALAM, KANARESE, AND TELUGU".

Let us examine the etymology of the name DRAVIDIAN: "DR-AVIDI-AN" < Turkish "DuR-AVIDI-AN" (TUR-EVIDI-LER) meaning "They were Houses of Turs".  Indeed this is most enlightening.  What everybody keeps calling "Dravidian" without knowing who they were ethnically turns out to be the most ancient Tur/Turk people of India.   Their name "DUR-AVIDI-AN" / "TUR-EVIDI-LER" tells it in plain Turkish.  But writing the name in such a concatenated manner makes them unrecognizable as Turkish.  This is a form of anagrammatizing or disguising of Turkish language names and titles.  There appears to be a deception being perpetrated which the scholars should take note of.  We must note that the cleverly disguised word DR is nothing but the word DUR/TUR indicating the name of TUR/TURK peoples.  Secondly the term AVIDI is nothing but the Turkish phrase EV-IDI meaning "It was the house of". And thirdly, the ancient Turkic term AN has a number of meanings expressed by it, one of which is the ancient Turkic plurality suffix, presently -LER/LAR in Turkish. [7]  [For AN as Turkish plurality suffix, see Karl H. Menges, "The Turkic Languages and Peoples An Introduction to Turkic Studies", Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden, 1968, p. 111].  The suffix -ian that appears at the end of many names such as Sumer-ian, actually is from Turkic phrase 'ui-an" (uyler/öyler)  meaning "the houses". The suffix refers to the branches of peoples separated from the main family of Turs.

Thus it becomes unquestionably clear that these so-called DRAVIDIANS (TAMIL, MALAYALAM, KANARESE, AND TELUGU) are the descendants of the most ancient Turs of India.  This fact may also help to understand the claim that the ancient INDUS culture was also TUR culture.  In view of all these findings, it is no wonder that the Turanian Turkic languages and Dravidian (TUR-EVIDI-LER) languages are related to the Sumerian language.  Because, all of these peoples were the most ancient TUR peoples of the ancient world before the so called Aryans were around.

Sumerians (KI-EN-GIR / KENGIR) were neither Indo-European nor Semitic, but were Turanians, that is, a Central Asiatic people.  Using the Akkadian name "Sumer" rather than their own name "KI-EN-GIR" or "KENGIR" is a very subtle deception.  It is also the same for the Tur Phoenicians who are identified as "West Semitic" and also the ancient Tur Masar people of the so-called ancient "Egypt".  By such misrepresentations, their Turkic and Turanian identity has been lost, and hence the wrong impression is given to the readers as if they were Semitic peoples, or anyone else except Turs/Turks. Such misrepresentations are not excusable if they are done knowingly, however if the scholars do it unknowingly, then of course they become the innocent victims themselves. It is an injustice to these ancient Turanian peoples who have given so much in terms of civility and culture to the world to be denied their true Tur/Turk identity.

At this point let me add that all of these ancient names of peoples are in Turkish and are named after their ancient Turanian Sky-God.  This will be discussed later.

The so-called Akkadian name SHUMERU (SUMER) has the etymology: SHUMERU < "SHU-M-ER-U" < Tr. "iSHU-Ma-ER-U" meaning "He is the magnificent Man of Light" referring to the Sun-God and the Sun-worshipping religion of the Sumerians and also the other ancient Turanians.  Furthermore, their so-called Akkadian name SHUMERU (SUMER) is also an anagrammatized Turkic phrase: SHUMERU < "SHUMER-U" < Tr. "SHUMER-Uy" meaning "Land (house) of Sumer".

Similarly, SUMERIA < "S-U-M-ER" < Tr. "aS-U-Ma-ER" meaning "One/Peerless is That Magnificent Man", a title which defines these most inventive and civilized Tur/Turk people appropriately. The name that they carry is also the name of their Sky-God DINGIR. We should also note that the name DINGIR is the name of the Sky-Father God, like the Turkish name Tengir/Tengri. Similarly, the name KI-EN-GIR / KENGIR is the same as the name of the ancient Turanian Sun-God "Kün-Kor," meaning "The Fire Sun" or "Sun Fire".

In line with ancient Turanian culture, Sumerians also buried horses, gold, silver and earthly artifacts with their dead as did all other Turanians of the time.  This was done so because all Turanians were ancestor worshipping people. Findings from the Royal Tombs of UR are proof of this fact.  These cultures were Turanian and Turkic.   Therefore their language was also Turkic.  They were incredibly knowledgeable and were the most advanced people in all fields of life (e.g., their outstanding knowledge of the cosmos, the solar system, the stars, the planets, plants, animals, and ATAOLGU (theology) etc.).  Their knowledge was so immense on so many subjects that Zecharia Sitchin thinks that only aliens could have imparted such knowledge to them. This denial view takes the credit away from the ancient Tur/Turk people and gives it to some imaginary aliens.

On the other hand, Samuel Noah Kramer writes by saying "History Begins at Sumer," [8] [Samuel Noah Kramer, "The Sumerians Their History, Culture and Character", University of Chicago Press, 1972, p. vii.], that is, to say, with the (KI-EN-GIR / KENGIR) people.

SOME OF THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE KI-EN-GIR/KENGIR (SUMERIANS)

The contributions of the KI-EN-GIR, (like the other Turanians) to the civilization of the world, both in the Old World and in the New World, is so great that anyone denying that fact is making a gross error.  Like all other Tur brethrens of Sumerians, they built mountain-like temples so-called ZIGGURAT for their gods.  Those who can build buildings like ziggurats are capable of building all kinds of buildings including cities. Thus they were the givers of house building and living in them as the original constructors.  Ziggurat is the Akkadian name of huge step pyramid like structures resembling mountains. The name is made up from Turkish phrases describing the ancient Turanian Sky-God.  The name has the following etymology:

a)      ZIGGURAT < Z-I-GGU-R-AT' < Tr. < aZ-I (Bir)-GUG-eR-ATa' (Essiz Bir Gök Eri Ata) meaning "One Peerless Sky-Man Father" referring to the ancient Turanian Sky-Father-God (Tan-Tanri / Ata-An-Tanri);

b)      ZIGGURAT < "Z-I-G-GUR-AT" < Tr. "aZ-I (Bir)-aGa-GUR-Ata" (Essiz Bir Aga Gur/Kor Ata) meaning "One Peerless Lord Fire Father" referring to the ancient Turanian Sun-God (Kün-Tanri).

Another name for Ziggurat is ETEMENANKI. []9 [Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1963, Vol. 2, p. 950.]

a)      ETEMENANKI < "ETE-MEN-AN-KI" < Tr. "ETE-MEN-AN-KI" (Ata-Man-Gök-Köy) meaning "The village of Sky-Father-Man" referring to the temple as the "village of Sky-God".

b)      ETEMENANKI < "ETEM-EN-AN-K-I" < Tr. "ETEM-hEN-AN-aK-I (Bir)" (Gök Han Atam Ak Bir) meaning "My Sky Lord Father White ONE" referring to the ancient Turanian Sun-God.

Thus, in both cases one title refers to both the Sky-Father-God and the Sun-God of ancient Turanians. The so-called name "Akkadian" is also an anagrammatized Turkish phrase indicating that Akkadian was anagrammatized from Sumerian, that is a Turkic language of Central Asia. Akkadians are known to have generated their so-called Semitic language from the Sumerian language.

The Tur peoples and of course the Tur KI-EN-GIR (Sumerians) invented many things for the benefit of human beings.  The present world has taken much from the ancient Tur/Turk culture (CULTURE < Tr.  "KÜL-TÖRE" meaning "Renown Tur traditions") contrary to what we all get to learn in modern education system. Europe is no exception in this regard contrary to misrepresentations based on ancient Greek culture which itself was adopted from the Tur peoples.

In fact the ancient Greeks were one of the peoples who prepared the destruction of the Tur identity of the ancient Tur culture.  Once the Tur identity was obliterated, then most everyone adopted the Tur civilization as their own.

Turanians domesticated animals such as the dog, horse, sheep and cattle. All these helped to develop Tur/Turk peoples horse riding culture, animal farming and all the milk based products.  Wool from their sheep were used in all the needs of clothing, felts were used from making boots to making the coverings of Yurts and fantastically coloured and ornamented carpets.

Sumerians invented the arch and the so-called Babylonians adopted its use from the Sumerians [10] [Anne Terry White, "Lost Worlds The Romans of Archaeology", Random House, New York, 1941, p. 216.]

Sumerians invented the plow thus making farming possible. Sumerians invented the wheel and the cart (kagni)  drawn by various animals. Horse pulled chariots are shown on the Standard of Ur.

Sumerians invented the cuneiform syllabic writing system.  This was natural for the Sumerian and for other Turs because their Tur language was a phonetic and agglutinative language where syllabic words were joined to each other to make larger words (same as in Turkish).

The Sumerians were the first users of laws.  The Babylonian laws on which were based the Hebrew laws that have so greately influenced the modern laws in the world-were built on Sumerian laws, [Anne Terry White, "Lost Worlds The Romans of Archaeology", Random House, New York, 1941, p. 217].  Thus, the original law makers are Turanian peoples contrary to other claims.

The cuneiform writing of the Babylonians was an adaptation of the Sumerian cuneiform.  The Sumerians invented writing, [Anne Terry White, "Lost Worlds The Romans of Archaeology", Random House, New York, 1941, p. 217].

The Sumerians invented the school system, book writing, establishing libraries, the postal mail sytem, professional teaching, weaving, etc..

The Sumerians invented musical instruments such as the "harp/lyre" as proven to be the case by the findings from the Royal Tombs of UR.

The Sumerians farmed the fat-tailed sheep [11] [Samuel Noah Kramer, "The Sumerians Their History, Culture and Character", University of Chicago Press, 1972, p. 110.] which is one of the most traditionally grown sheep by Turks in Anatolia, Iran, Azerbaijan and other parts of Asia.

The Sumerians called their lamentation songs "IZKIG" (< > Turkic Türkü, Ezik, ezgi" meaning lamentation type of songs).  These are the kind of songs that the Turks of Anatolia, Azerbaijan and Turkmens of Kerkük and Musul in present day IRAK still sing and call "EZGI". [12] [Samuel Noah Kramer, p. 207-208].

Even the Babylonian gods were Sumerian gods except that they had different names, [ATW, p.217] [13] [Anne Terry White, "Lost Worlds The Romans of Archaeology", Random House, New York, 1941, p. 216.]

Regarding the alterations of ancient gods and texts by Babylonians, Zecharia Sitchin, the author of the book "The Twelfth Planet" writes:

"THIS USURPATION OF THE ENLILSHIP (LONG AFTER THE INCIDENT WITH ZU) WAS ACCOMPANIED BY AN EXTENSIVE BABYLONIAN EFFORT TO FORGE THE ANCIENT TEXTS.  THE MOST IMPORTANT TEXTS WERE REWRITTEN AND ALTERED SO AS TO MAKE MARDUK APPEAR AS THE LORD OF HEAVENS, THE CREATOR, THE BENEFACTOR, THE HERO, INSTEAD OF ANU OR ENLIL OR EVEN NINURTA. AMONG THE TEXTS ALTERED WAS THE "TALE OF ZU"; AND ACCORDING TO THE BABYLONIAN VERSIONS IT WAS MARDUK (NOT NINURTA) WHO FOUGHT ZU."

It is clear that extensive falsification of ancient Sumerian language, history and culture and similarly the Tur/Turk language, history and culture have been made in the hands of perpetrators of forgery in the so-called ancient "BABYLONIA." Even the name BABYLONIA is a misnomer because it is an anagrammatized form of the ancient Turkish phrase "BABa-ULU-HAN-ÖYÜ" meaning "The House of Great Sky-Lord Father" referring to the ancient Turanian Sky-Father God.

Samuel Noah Kramer wrote that: "SUMERIAN RESEMBLES NO LITTLE SUCH AGGLUTINATIVE LANGUAGES AS TURKISH, HUNGARIAN, AND SOME OF THE CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES" [14] [Samuel Noah Kramer, "The Sumerians", The University of Chicago Press, Chicago & London, 1972, p. 306.]. This identification by S. N. Kramer implies that Turkish did linguistically resemble Sumerian.  His expression with double negatives was, in a way, an admission of Sumerian and Turkish kinship. My finding is that Turkish not only resembles Sumerian but also is the Sumerian of ancient times.  One must compare Turkish and Sumerian not only on a one to one basis, but rather on a Turkish phrase basis.

Having a linguistic kinship with the Sumerian language that existed at least some six thousand years ago implied that Turkish ancestors were as old as the Sumerians and were related to them. The Sumerian words ADDA and AMA for 'father' and 'mother' are the same as Turkish ATA / ATTA and AMA / ANA for "father" and "mother" respectively. There are many Sumerian words that are the same as the Turkish ones. Particularly, when we analyze words with probable anagrammatizing in mind, the number of word / phrase relations increase dramatically.

The Sumerians being non-Indo-European and non-Semitic people and being from Central Asia makes them kin to all other Tur/Turk peoples. In this regard I have many findings myself. Among the Turkish researchers of the Sumerian language, Prof. Dr. Osman Nedim Tuna [15] [Osman Nedim Tuna, "Sümer ve Türk Dillerinin Tarihi Ilgisi Ile Türk Dili'nin Yasi Meselesi", Atatürk Kültür, Dil ve Tarih Yüksek Kurumu, Türk Dil Kurumu Yayinlari: 561, Ankara, 1990], and Selahi Diker [16] [Selahi Diker, "Ten ~Thousand Years of the Turks "And The Whole Earth Was of One Language"", A Self-Publication, Izmir, 1996] are important names in this regard.  Since Hungarians are Turanian Turkic people, Hungarian linguists have also been very active in trying to establish the linguistic tie between Sumerian and Hungarian.  Evidently there are also many Hungarian words that show affinity to some Sumerian words.  Fred Hamori [17] [Fred Hamori:
www2.4dcomm.com/millenia/sumerpg.htm] is one such researcher who has an extensive internet page for his studies in Hungarian and Sumerian relations, with additional information for the Turkish-Sumerian connections.

THE HORSE CULTURE

Among the pictures shown on the Standard of Ur by the Sumerians, we see that Sumerians trimmed the manes of their horses like the Central Asiatic Tur/Turk peoples.  They also left well separated bundles of mane (generally three in number) in the mane.  This is a Turanian Tur/Turk horse related culture used by all Central Asiatic peoples throughout the ages. They even buried horses with their dead which is a Turanian culture of ancient Turs.

Here are some sample Sumerian words and their Turkic equivalents.
 
 

Sumerian	Turkish	Meaning of Col. 2 in English
ABZU (Water God)	APa-SU or Aba-ZU	Father (God) of Water
ABBA (father)	APA / ABA / BABA	Father, grandfather
ADDA (father)	ADA / ATA / DADA / DEDE	Father, grandfather
AGA  (crown)	AGA / AKA / EKE	Lord, Ruler
AMA  (mother)	AMA / EME	Mother
AMA  (mother)	MEME	mother's breast
AMA  (mother)	EME	thing being suckled
AN   (Sky)	AN (GÖK)	Sky, as in TAN (Ata-AN)-Tanri
ANA  (Sky mother)	AN-A or AN-O	It is Sky
ANA  (Sky mother)	ANA	mother
a-na, a-ni (suffix 3rd person pronoun)	onu or ani	him/her/it
a-na (interrogative pronoun, what?)	O-ne?	what is it?
ANU  (Supreme Sky God)	AN-U or AN-O (Gok-O)	It is sky
ANU  (Supreme Sky God)	HAN-U or HAN-O	He is Lord of sky
AR   (glory, renown)	ER (yigit, kahraman)	Hero
AS   (one, one alone)	AS (Bir, essiz, az)	One, peerless AS is one of the descriptive names of the ancient Turanian Sky-God (Tan-Tengri / Gün-Tengri / Ay-Tengri)
ASAR (Strong, powerful)	AS-ER / AZ-ER	One man or Peerless man ASAR/ASER is one of the descriptive names of the ancient Turanian Sky-God (Gök-Tengri), Sun-God (Kün-Tengri) and Moon-God (Ay-Tengri)
BAR  (shine, be bright)	BIR (Kün-Tanri)	Sun (Sun-God)
BAR  (shine, be bright)	aBa-AR (Gök-Tanri)	Father Man BAR / BIR is one of the descriptive names of the ancient Turanian Sky-God (Gök-Tengri), Sun-God (Kün-Tengri) and Moon-God (Ay-Tengri)
BABBAR (bright)	BABa-BAR or BABa-BIR	BABBAR / BABA-BIR is one of the descriptive names of the ancient Turanian Sky-God and one of the names of the Sun-God)
BILGAMESH (GILGAMESH) See detailed definition below	BILGAMESH or  BILGEMESH	Learned One, all-knowing
DAM-GAR (middle man, agent)	aDAM-KAR (kâr adami,  araci adam)	Commissioner, middle man who gets a cut of the sale
DINGIR (God)	TENGIR / TENGRI (Tanri, Tangara, Tengere)	Sky-God
GILGAMESH (King of Ur)	AGIL-GA-MISH or AKIL-GA-MISH	see definition below
HAR  (usury, interest)	KAR (kâr, kazanç)	monetary gain
HAR-RA (usurer)	KAR-ERI (Kâr yapan kimse)	one who makes monetary gains
KUR  (mountain)	KIR / KUR	mountain side
LALARTU (phantom)	LAL-ARTU / LAL-ERTU (Dilsiz erdi)	one who is speechless (ghost, phantom)
LUGAL (king)	uLU-aGa-AL	Great Red Lord (Sun). LUGAL is one of the anagrammatized descriptive names of the ancient Turanian Sun-God because of its particular redness at sunset and sunrise
MA   (Magnificent)	MA / ME / MU (Gorkemli; muhtesem, Gök-Tanri'yi tanimlamada kullanilan bir sifat)	Magnificent; an all encompassing adjective used to describe the ancient Turanian Sky-God
NINA  (lady)	NENE / NINE	grandmother
NINASU (Goddess of Water)	NENE-SU (Firat-Suyu; Avrat-Su)	"Grandmother of Water", ("Goddess of water") It was also the ancient Sumerian name of the River EUPHRATES which is from Turkish "AVRAT-SU" meaning "Wife (Goddess)-Water".  The Greek name Aphrodites also has similar etymology.
UD (Sun, Light, Day, Time)	UD / OD / UT / OT (atash) UDU (Kün, Gün, zaman)	Fire; Sun, Time Sun, day, time
URU  (City of Ur)	ORU / ÖRÜ (orulmus/örülmüs)	Walled in or woven (as in of a wall, a carpet or town)
URU  (large, great)	IRI / URU	Large
URUK (city of Uruk)	ORUK / ÖRÜK / URUK	Walled in (the present country name of IRAQ is most likely derived from URUK).
UTU (Sun God)	UT-U / OT-O / OD-O	It is Fire, It is Sun (Sun God)

To this list I will add a few specific Sumerian names which are particularly worthy of note.

NAME OF SUMERIAN EPIC STORY GILGAMESH (BILGAMESH)

One such specific Sumerian name is the name DINGIR GILGAMESH. It should be noted that the title GILGAMESH is not the original. The original title was DINGIR BILGAMESH [18].  This is clearly indicated by John L. Hayes, in his book entitled  ["A Manual of Sumerian Grammar and Texts", Undena Publications, Malibu, 1990, p. 129, Lesson 12.].  He writes:

"THIS IS NOW THE PREFERRED READING (OR AT LEAST THE MORE ORIGINAL READING) OF THE NAME MORE FAMILIARLY KNOWN AS "GILGAMESH". THE APPARENT MEANING OF THE NAME IS: "THE OLD MAN (BIL-GA) IS NOW A YOUNG MAN )MESH)".  IT IS NOT KNOWN WHEN THE CHANGE OF THE INITIAL /B/ > /G/ TOOK PLACE;  AN OLD BABYLONIAN OMEN TEXT HAS THE SPELLING DINGIR GE-EL-GA."

Evidently the Akkadian or other intermediaries changed the name in line with their own agenda when they were changing and usurping everything Sumerian as their own.  Thus the wrong name GILGAMESH has been perpetrated all this time.  Yet the word TENGIR BILGAMESH (TENGIR/TENGRI BILGAMESH) is a totally Turkish word meaning "God BILGAMESH" which makes the Sumerian BILGAMESH (so-Called Gilgamesh) epic story to have its roots in Central Asia (Turan). The only difference between the names BILGAMESH and GILGAMESH is the first letter, that is, B versus G where B has been changed to G. The Akkadians are known for their Semitizing of the Sumerian language.

Actually both BILGAMESH and GILGAMESH have the same Turkic meaning. When the missing vowel a in front of GILGAMESH is inserted, it becomes aGILGAMESH which is the same as BILGAMESH.   Thus it is unquestionably clear that both of these words are Turkic in grammatical structure and also meaning.  This cannot be explained by coincidence.  The Turkish word "BIL-GA-MESH / BIL-GE-MESH" meaning "he who has attained knowledge" and "AGIL-GA-MESH" meaning "he who has become a learned wise one" are one and the same. BILGAMESH and "aGILGAMESH" are two different Turkic phrases describing the same concept.  Evidently some people manhandled the original form of this Sumerian Turkic word and alienated it from Turkish by changing the first consonant B to G and at the same time "omitting" the first vowel a in front of G.  As we explained earlier this is called "anagrammatizing".

Here the suffix 'mesh' is also the Turkish suffix mash/mesh/mish/mush/müsh/mîsh/mosh that makes adjectives from verbs [19] [Tahsin Banguoglu, Türkçenin Grameri", Atatürk Kültür, Dil ve Tarih Yüksek Kurumu, Türk Dil Kurumu Yayinlar: 528, Ankara, 1986, p. 272, item 52. mish sifatlari].  Additionally mesh/mish are the suffix that is used to make a story-telling mode of speech from a verb stem, as in Turkish gel-mish ([it is said that] he has come), git-mish ([it is said that] he has gone), etc..  But in addition to these meanings of the Turkic suffix "mesh", there is another important meaning associated with it that I will discuss in the next part of my response.

Like the word 'AGILGAMISH / AKILGAMISH' and 'BILGAMESH' meaning "wise, enlightened, knowing, sagacious", there are other Turkish words such as 'ÖGÜLGEMISH' meaning "much praised".  In the Sumerian so-called Gilgamesh epic, Gilgamesh represents such an enlightened character.  The Gilgamesh epic appears to have parallel motifs with the Turkish OGUZ-KAGAN epic. Even the famed Turkish epic "KUTADGU BILIG" by Yusuf Has Hacib [20] [Yusuf Has Hacib, "Kutadgu Bilig", Çeviri: Resid Rahmeti Arat, Türk Tarih Kurumu Basimevi, Ankara, 1974. has the character name 'Ögdülmish' (ög-edülmis, kutlanmish, övülmüsh) meaning "praised, adulated, sagacious, judicious, kudos (< kut/kud-os, ogus)".

Thus, it is clearly seen that the Sumerian epic so-called GILGAMISH in actuality had the name BILGAMESH thus making it a Tur/Turk epic contrary to perpetrated misrepresentation and usurpation. The Turkish names OGUZ-KAGAN and BILGE-KAGAN are very much the same as BILGAMESH and they all refer to the same ancient Turanian Sky-God.

In view of this, it is plain to see that the world has not been told the true Turkic identity of the epic BILGAMESH (so-called GILGAMESH).

Sumerian word 'ZU-AB' (APSU):

Similarly the Sumerian word ZU-AB, reported to mean "water basin", [21] [John L. Hayes, "A Manual of Sumerian Grammar and Texts", Undena Publications, Malibu, 1990, p. 157, Lesson 14]  has also been read as ABZU and imported into Akkadian as APSU.  Regarding the word ABZU, John L. Hayes gives the following explanation: [22] [John L. Hayes, p. 158, Lesson 143].

"THIS WORD WAS BORROWED INTO AKKADIAN, GLOSSED BY THE CAD AS: "1) DEEP WATER, SEA, COSMIC SUBTERRANEAN WATER, 2) (A PERSONIFIED MYTHOLOGICAL FIGURE), 3) WATER BASIN IN THE TEMPLE".

The etymology of the word ABZU / APSU includes the Turkish words 'SU / ZU' (water) and possibly the Turkish word  KAB / KAP meaning "basin and any utensil that holds water".  It is highly likely that the original Sumerian form was *KABZU < KAB-SU (su-kabi) meaning "water basin" or "any container that can hold water". In this context, the sea (< Tr. su) basin, lake basin, and underground water chambers, etc. are all "water basins", that is, SU-KAB or KAB-SU in Turkish. Hence, the term must actually mean sea, lake, underground waters and even rivers.

If the letter  /K/ in the Turkish word 'KAB-ZU / KAP-SU' was dropped, the word would become "AB-ZU/AP-SU". Similarly, Turkic ZU-KAB / SU-KAP would become ZU-AB / SU-AP. The names AB-ZU / AP-SU or ZU-AB / SU-AP can definitely be identified with "a personified mythological figure". AB-ZU / AP-SU is from Turkish ABa-ZU / APa-SU meaning "Father (God) of Water".  We have another source to verify this.  From the so-called Greek mythology the name POSEIDON, that is the "God of Waters".  From the Turkic etymology of this name, we get: POSEIDON < "PO-SE-IDON" < Turkish < "aPO-SE-IDON" < > "APA-SU-EDEN" meaning "The Water Making Father (God)".  It is seen that both the Sumerian version AB-ZU / AP-SU or ZU-AB / SU-AP and the so-called Greek version "PO-SE-IDON" are anagrammatized Turkish phrases describing the God of Waters.  One more version of this is the name DENIZ-HAN, that is one of the six sons of the OGUZ-KAGAN in the Turkish epic OGUZ-KAGAN DESTANI.  Again we have the connection between Sumerian, Turkish and the so-called Greek mythology all being in Turkish.  Incidently, the so-called Greek mythology is not necessarily "Greek" in origin.

Furthermore, the ancient Turanian Turs/Turks regarded the underground waters as sacred waters and they called these waters by the name "YER-SUB" < 'YER-SU-B(ey)' meaning "Lord of the Waters of the Earth". It is very likely that Turkish "YER-SUB" (YER-SU-Bey) is nothing but the Sumerian NINGIRSU who was the god of irrigation and fertility. [23] [N. K. Sandars, "The Epic of Gilgamesh", Penguin Books, 1964, p. 123]. NINGIRSU < "NIN-GIR-SU" < Turkish "HAN-YER-SU" meaning "Lord of the waters of the Earth".  In this anagrammatization, there would be a change of H/N and Y/G in the corresponding Sumerian and Turkic names. Actually, they all appear to be the ancient Turanian Sky-God himself.

Regarding this Sumerian word Zu-AB, John L. Hayes, further gives the following information in Lesson 14 of his book, [24] [John L. Hayes, p.157-158].   I give it here for the benefit of the reader with my courtesy to John L. Hayes.  He writes:

"ABZU:  THIS IS COMPOSED OF TWO SIGNS, THE ZU-SIGN FOLLOWED BY THE AB-SIGN.  HOWEVER, IT IS KNOWN THAT THE AB-SIGN WAS READ BEFORE THE ZU-SIGN.  THAT IS, THE WORD WAS PRONOUNCED SOMETHING LIKE /ABZU/.  THE PHENOMENON IS SIMILAR TO THAT OF THE DN ZUEN, WHICH WAS PRONOUNCED /ZUEN/, ALTHOUGH WRITTEN EN-ZU.  IN OLDER TRANSLITERATIONS IT MAY APPEAR ZU-AB.

THE ORIGINAL USE OF THIS TERM WAS MYTHOLOGICAL.  IT REFERRED TO THE SUBTERRANEAN FRESH WATERS, WHICH THE SUMERIANS BELIEVED LAY BELOW THE SURFACE OF THE EARTH.  THESE WATERS FED THE WELLS, STREAMS, RIVERS, MARSHES, ETC.  THESE WATERS WERE THE SPECIAL PURVIEW OF ENKI.

THE TERM ABZU WAS ALSO USED AS THE NAME OF A LARGE TEMPLE IN ERIDU, BUILT TO HONOR ENKI.  MOST OF THE WORK ON THIS TEMPLE WAS DONE BY AMAR-SIN, ALTHOUGH IT WAS HIS FATHER WHO ACTUALLY BEGAN THE CONSTRUCTION.  THIS TEMPLE APPARANTLY STOOD OVER A FRESH-WATER LAGOON.

THE TERM WAS LATER APPLIED TO A CULTIC OBJECT, PRESUMABLY SOME KIND OF WATER-BASIN USED IN THE TEMPLE.  AT A NUMBER OF SITES IN MESOPOTAMIA, OBJECTS HAVE BEEN FOUND WHICH ARCHAEOLOGISTS HAVE IDENTIFIED WITH THE TERM ABZU.  SEVERAL SUCH OBJECTS HAVE RECENTLY BEEN FOUND AT EBLA.

IT IS POSSIBLE THAT THE EBLAITE EQUIVALENT OF SUMERIAN ABZU AND AKKADIAN APSU APPEARS AS A-BA-SI (Fales 1984:184), BUT THE INTERPRETATION IS SOMEWHAT UNCERTAIN.

THE ENGLISH WORD "ABYSS" IS THOUGHT TO DERIVE FROM THIS SUMERIAN WORD, VIA AKKADIAN AND GREEK.  IT HAS BEEN SPECULATED THAT THE WORD IS NOT NATIVE SUMERIAN, BUT RATHER DERIVES FROM A SUBSTRATE LANGUAGE."

From these explanations by John L. Hayes, we should note some of these names.   The Eblaite version of Sumerian ABZU and Akkadian APSU appearing as A-BA-SI verifies what I said above.   The Eblaite A-BA-SI is very much the Turkish phrase "ABA-SU / APA-SU" meaning again "Father (God) of Water" or "Water God" in spite of the fact that it is written in syllabic form.

The Sumerian name ENKI is the Earth and it stands for Turkic "HEN/HAN-KaIa (KaYa / GaYa) meaning "Lord Rock" which was another ancient Turkic name for the earth as being "a rock in space". Hesiod in his THEOGANY names earth as "Gaia", (Theogany , Line 147). [25] ["Hesiod THEOGANY & WORKS AND DAYS", translated by Dorothea Wender, Penguin Books, 1985, p. 28.].  Thus Sumerian KI appears to be as GAYA in Hesiod, towards the end of the eighth century B.C.

John L. Hayes writes: "THE PHENOMENON IS SIMILAR TO THAT OF THE DN ZUEN, WHICH WAS PRONOUNCED /ZUEN/, ALTHOUGH WRITTEN EN-ZU", thus referring to the confusion of spelling.

Here the important names of Dingir ZUEN and Dingir EN-ZU are one and the same and they stand for Turkic UZ-HEN (OUZ/OGUZ-HAN) and HEN-UZ (HAN-UZ/OGUZ) as the lord of the sky.  OGUZ-HAN waz the name of the ancient Turanian Sun-God.

SUMERIAN NAME "E.RI.DU"

Zecharia Sitchin, ["The 12th Planet", Avon Books, New York, 1976, page 288.] writes about the Sumerian name "E.RI.DU" and associates the name with "ENCAMPMENT" and ORDU".  He writes:

"THEY NAMED IT E.RI.DU ("HOUSE IN FARAWAY BUILT").  WHAT AN APPROPRIATE NAME!  TO THIS VERY DAY, THE PERSIAN TERM ORDU MEANS "ENCAMPMENT."  IT IS A WORD WHOSE MEANING HAS TAKEN ROOT IN ALL LANGUAGES:  THE SETTLED EARTH IS CALLED ERDE  IN GERMAN, ERDA IN OLD HIGH GERMAN, JÖRDH IN ICELANDIC, JORD  IN DANISH, AIRTHA IN GOTHIC, ERTHE IN MIDDLE ENGLISH; AND, GOING BACK GEOGRAPHICALLY AND IN TIME, "EARTH" WAS ARATHA  OR EREDS IN ARAMAIC, ERD  OR ERTZ IN KURDISH, AND ERETZ  IN HEBREW."

I have placed the above information into the following table where it can be readily seen that all those words for "earth" in other languages are, in fact, derived from Turkish YER-IDI or YER-IDU or YER-TU (meaning "It is the earth") - and Sumerian is simply an ancient form of modern Turkish. Denying this fact is not only unscientific linguistically but it is also intentional.
 
 

Word for Earth	Language	Turkish Source Phrase	Comments
ERIDU	SUMER	YER-IDU	exact correspondence
YER-IDU	TURKISH	YER-IDU	same word
EARTH	ENGLISH	YER-DU / YER-TU	The Turkish YER has been annagrammatized into EAR and the Turkish TU/DU has been annagrammatized into TH.
ORDU	PERSIAN	ORDU	Turkish "ORDU" is the name of the Turkish army. It is also the place where the army has set up encampment. Thus the "ORDU" word in Persian is actually coming from the Turkish word "ORDU" for army / army encampment. The name "Persian" is misleading because it implies "Indo-Iranian" only - as if Iran has always been an Indo-Iranian land. This is not the fact. Before Iran ever became an Indo-Iranian (Aryan = Turkish "Ariyan" meaning the wanderer - contrary to being portrayed as "noble") land, it was a Turanian (Tur/Turk) land. Therefore the later Indo-Iranian culture was massively influenced by the earlier Tur/Turk culture (Sumerians, Sakas, Hurrians, Kasites, Turukians, Mitannis, Medians, Parthians, and others).
ERDE	GERMAN	YER-DI	German ERDE is an annagrammatized form of Turkish YERDI.
ERDA	OLD GERMAN	YER-DI	German ERDE is an annagrammatized form of Turkish YERDI.
JÖRDH	ICELANDIC	YER- DU / YURD	Icelandic JÖRDH is either a dialectal or annagrammatized form of the Turkic YERDU or YURD where YURD means motherland or one's country.
JORD	DANISH	YURD	Danish JORD is either a dialectal or annagrammatized form of the Turkic YERDU or YURD where YURD means motherland or one's country.
AIRTHA	GOTHIC	YERTU	Gothic AIRTHA is either a dialectal or annagrammatized form of the Turkic YERTU.
ERTHE	MIDDLE ENGLISH	YERDE / YERDI	Middle English ERTHE is either a dialectal or annagrammatized form of the Turkic YERDI.
ARATHA	ARAMAIC	YOREDI	Aramaic ARATHA is an annagrammatized form of the Turkic YOREDI meaning "one's country".
EREDS	ARAMAIC	YER-AZDI / YER-ASDI	Aramaic EREDS is an annagrammatized form of the Turkic YERAZDI meaning "peerless place" which leads to the term ARZ / ARS meaning "earth".
ERD	KURDISH	YER-DI	Kurdish ERD is an annagrammatized form of the Turkic YERDI meaning "It is the earth".
ERETZ	HEBREW	YER-AZTI / YER-ASDI	Hebrew ERETZ is an annagrammatized form of the Turkic YERAZTI / YERAZDI meaning "peerless place" which leads to the term ARZ / ARS meaning "earth".
ARZ	ARABIC	YER-AZ	Arabic ARZ is an annagrammatized form of the Turkic YERAZ / YERAS meaning "peerless place" defining the Earth.

From this list, it is readily observed that names for "EARTH" in different languages, all have the Turkish "YER" meaning "Earth" and the Turkic suffix for the verb "to be" in the dialectal forms of: DU/DA/DI/TU/TA/TI.  Thus, for example, Turkish "YERDU/YERTU/YERDI/YERTI" means "It is the Earth" or "It was the Earth".   It is further clear that the Turkish word YER is the common stem to all of these words, and also all the other names in other indicated languages are the anagrammatized version of the Turkish phrase YERIDU.  Additionally, we also note that the Sumerian and Turkic forms are the same.

It is important to add to this list the Turkish word "YURD/YURT' meaning the "homeland of any identifiable group of people".  Turks call their homeland "YURD/YURT" which is again related to Sumerian E.RI.DU and Turkic YER-IDU. We must note that the Icelandic JÖRDH and Danish JORD are very much the same as the Turkish YURD/YURT originating most likely from the SAKA Turks who were in Scandia and all the way to Scotia and Iceland.  It is known that J is really a Y.

The word ORDU is a Turkic/Turkish name meaning "Turkic/Turkish army" and the military encampment area of the Turkish army.  The name ORDU has been used by Tur/Turk peoples everywhere they have been, and in this context IRAN is not an exception because so-called Iran has been more Turkic and Turanian than Indo-Iranian. As I noted earlier the name Persian is a misnomer. The name "Persian" is not a well defined name.   In actuality, it includes the Turanian Turs/Turks of Iran and also Indo-Iranians of Iran.  This point is somehow conveniently ignored by scholars which is an indication of probable intentional "vagueness".

It is interesting to note that the author of the book relates all these words meaning Earth to the Sumerian word E.RIDU.  Even the language of the so-called Kurds who are pure Turkic/Turkish people is mentioned. Yet there is no mention of the name Turk.  Is this an oversight or purposeful omission?

From all this analyses, it is seen that not only was the Sumerian language a Tur/Turk language, but also the Sumerian culture was a branch of the ancient Tur/Turk culture that flourished in the Middle East long ago.

End OF PART I

POLAT KAYA

January 6, 2002 (Revised March 5, 2002)